The summary of ‘Current Transformer vs Voltage Transformer : What’s the Difference ? TheElectricalGuy’

The video primarily focuses on the importance of current and voltage transformers in power systems. Current transformers are essential for measuring high current and stepping it down for measurement and protection, while voltage transformers step down incoming voltage for the same purposes. The construction and functions of current and voltage transformers are explained, highlighting their roles in electricity measurement and protection processes. The video delves into the differences between current and voltage transformers, discussing primary and secondary windings, types of transformers, and accuracy classes according to IEC standards. Understanding these classification differences is crucial for efficient electrical system operation. Overall, the video underscores the significance of current and voltage transformers and encourages viewers to stay tuned for more learning opportunities.

00:00:00

In this part of the video, the speaker discusses the importance of current and voltage Transformers in power systems. The purpose of a current transformer is to measure high current flowing in the system and step it down to a manageable level for measurement. This is crucial for tariff calculations and fault detection. Current Transformers have different cores for metering and protection applications. The output of a current transformer is typically low, usually around one amp. The video emphasizes the significance of current transformers in electricity measurement and protection processes.

00:03:00

In this segment of the video, the speaker discusses the purpose of voltage transformers, which is to step down incoming voltage to a measurable level. The output of a voltage transformer is generally 110 volts. The voltage transformer is used for measurement and protection purposes. The speaker then contrasts the voltage and current situations in transformers, explaining that while a current transformer steps down current, a voltage transformer steps down voltage, causing current to go up. The construction of a current transformer involves a primary winding made of the conductor through which current is measured, with a dedicated secondary winding. The primary turns are limited, usually single turn but can vary based on requirements. The speaker mentions that there are different types of current transformers available, which are discussed in detail in another video.

00:06:00

In this part of the video, the focus is on the construction of voltage Transformers. The primary winding, labeled P1 and P2, and secondary winding are highlighted in a standard voltage Transformer. Another type mentioned is the capacitive voltage Transformer (CVT), commonly found in high voltage substations. The CVT uses capacitors to divide the voltage and offers power line carrier communication through wave traps. The connection of current Transformers involves series connection with dedicated incoming and outgoing points. In contrast, voltage Transformers connect phase to Earth, distinguishing them by the presence of a dedicated incoming but not outgoing connection. This distinction helps identify the type of Transformer without relying on the nameplate.

00:09:00

In this segment of the video, the speaker explains the concept of a current transformer being a series transformer, highlighting that primary current in the current transformer does not depend on the secondary current. The primary current remains constant regardless of the secondary being open or short-circuited. This differs from a voltage transformer where the primary current is affected by the secondary current. The video also discusses the accuracy classes for current and voltage transformers according to IEC standards, with different classes designated for protection and metering purposes. Protection classes for current transformers are PS 5p and 10p, while metering classes include 0.2s, 0.2, 0.5, and 1 – with 0.2s being the most accurate. For voltage transformers, protection classes are 3p and 6p, and metering classes are 0.2, 0.5, 1, and 3 – with 0.2 being the most accurate. The video emphasizes the importance of understanding the classification differences between current and voltage transformers for efficient electrical system operation.

00:12:00

In this part of the video, the speaker concludes by stating that this is the end of the video and encourages viewers to stay tuned for the next one. The speaker emphasizes the importance of continuing to watch and learn.